Reservoir Heads
Cold Flow is our term for fluid or emulsified (non-filament-based) materials which are deposited at room temperature, with or without UV Crosslinking.
Warm Flow is our term for fluid or emulsified (non-filament-based) materials which are deposited at elevated temperatures, with or without UV Crosslinking.
Materials for Cold and Warm Flow
Cold and Warm Flow heads are for printing as follows:
- With pastes, gels, emulsifiables or waxes.
- At room or elevated temperatures.
- With or without UV Crosslining.
- With Hyrel Nozzles (1.5mm, 2mm) or Luer Tips.
The following materials can be printed from Cold Flow heads. Note that more viscous materials may not be suitable for plastic syringes or smaller luer tips.
- 3P Quick Cure Clay
- Adhesives
- Clay, Generic
- Epoxy, Two-part
- Fimo
- Glue
- Kato
- Metal Clay, including Precious Metal Clay (PMC)
- Modeling Clay
- PEG PolyEthylene Glycol
- Porcelain
- Plasticine
- Play-Doh
- Resins
- RTV Silicone
- Sculpey
- Sugru
The following materials can be printed from Warm Flow heads. Note that more viscous materials may not be suitable for plastic syringes or smaller luer tips, or may print more easily at higher temperatures.
Heads for Cold and Warm Flow
Cold Flow is available through the following heads:
Warm Flow is available through the following heads:
Overview of the EMO Heads- Overview of the SDS Heads
- Overview of the VOL Heads
- Overview of the KRA Heads
- Overview of the SMH-2 Head
- Please see our Data Sheets as well.
| Temperature > | Down to 0°C > | Ambient | Up to 75°C | Up to 100°C | Up to 180°C | Up to 250°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crosslinking Optional |
RSD-30 | EMO-25 SDS-5, -10, SDS-30, -60 SMH-2 |
HSD-30 VOL-25 |
HSD-10 | KRA-15 KR2-15 |
TAM-15 |
Note, RSD-30 will take you about 20C below ambient.
So, what do these goofy designations actually stand for?
- EMO: Emulsifiables at Room Temperature - Low to Medium Viscosity
- COD: Emulsifiables T Room Temperature with Crosslink On Demand - Low to Medium Viscosity
- VOL: Volcano: Heated (up to 100°C) Emulsifiables - Low to Medium Viscosity
- KR2: Krakatoa v2: a more robust KRA head with a double gasketed plunger hotter, more viscous Emulsifiables - Very High Viscosity
- TAM: Tambora: Heated (up to 300°C) Emulsifiables - High Viscosity
- SDS: Syringe Dispensing System (uses disposable plastic syringes at room temperature) - Low Viscosity
- HSD: Heated (formerly Volcanic) Syringe Dispensing System - Low to Medium Viscosity
- RSD: Refrigerated Syringe Dispensing System - Low to Medium Viscosity
- DSD: Dual Syringe Dispenser, dispensing two-part mixtures at a fixed ratio - Low to Medium Viscosity
- SMH: Static Mixing Head, blending your ratio of material through a baffled nozzle - Low to Medium Viscosity
As of May, 2018, for S30 and ESR, the latest firmware is 32V, included with Repetrel 2.865; for EHR and Hydras, the latest firmware is the same, with Repetrel 3.075_A.
Research Papers Citing Hyrel Cold and Warm Flow
These are now listed by year here.
Firmware Versions for Cold and Warm Flow Heads
As of May, 2018, the following versions should be used for Repetrel versions 2.x and 3.x:
Use _TUBES_35K.hex :
- For all emulsion heads performing prime/unprime actions.
- For all emulsion heads with COD LED activity on constantly.
Use _TUBES_49V.hex :
- For all emulsion heads using Clench Valves instead of prime/unprime actions.
- For all emulsion heads using COD LED activity tied to printing moves only.
Use _FIL_250_PLAT_1A.hex :
- For heated emulsions heads which don't seem to reach max temperature.
Settings for Cold and Warm Flow Heads
Non-Hydra units shipping through spring 2017 ship with Repetrel version 2.x. Hydra units, and other units shipping as of summer 2017 will have version 3.x, and should consult the version 3.x tables, below. All units should be upgraded to 3.x when it is available. If you run a head with v2 settings on a v3 install, the background will flash red; please make the changes below:
| Values for versions 1.x and 2.x will be inicated in RED. |
| Values for version 3.x will be inicated in BLUE. |
| Values for version 4.x will be inicated in GREEN. |
Note that you must flash these settings to the head to make them the new default.
Some settings for the EMO-Type heads (like temperature, prime/unprime values) will vary, depending on what material you are printing with. Nozzle diameter should accurately reflect what nozzle you have loaded (1.6mm is default) AND what path width you sliced for. Temperature commands will be ignored by heads with no temperature control. Having said that, below are our default shipping settings:
METAL Reservoir Heads
| Settings | EMO, VOL, KRA, COD, VCD, KCD Heads and New KR2 and TAM (17mm Tubes, Various Gear Ratios) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19:1 Ratio | 27:1 Ratio | 51:1 Ratio | 100:1 KRA & EMO-XT |
100:1 KR2, TAM | ||
| Material | ||||||
| Type | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | |
| Color | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | |
| Nozzle | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | |
| Layer | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | |
| Temp Info | ||||||
| Print Temp | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | |
| Power Factor | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
| Minimum | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Maximum | 0 | 0/80 | 0/80 | 0/80/150 | 0/80/150/250 | |
| Overrides | ||||||
| Pulses | 1.6 / 176 / 176 | 2.3 / 275 / 275 | 4.8 / 517 / 517 | 9.0 / 1,000 / 1,000 | 15 / 600 / 600 | |
| Multiplier | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 / 2 / 2 | |
| Prime | ||||||
| Steps | 7000 | 6000 | 1000 | 3000 | 6000 | |
| Rate | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | |
| Dwell Time (ms) | 600 | 500 | 100 | 300 | 600 | |
| Before Tool Change | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a |
| Unprime | ||||||
| Steps | 7000 | 6000 | 1000 | 3000 | 6000 | |
| Rate | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | |
| Dwell Time | 600 / -600 / -600 | 500 / -500 / -500 | 100 / -100 / -100 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 500 / -500 / -500 | |
| After Tool Change | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a |
| Offsets | ||||||
| Clone Head | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off | |
| X | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | |
| Y | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | |
| Z | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | |
| Head Info | ||||||
| Model | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | |
| PCB Type | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J |
| RTD Type | 1k PLAT_RTD | 1k PLAT_RTD | 1k PLAT_RTD | 1k PLAT_RTD | 1k PLAT_RTD | |
| Motor Current | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a |
| Step Mode | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a |
| Plot Settings | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | ||
| Motor Settings | ||||||
| Step Mode | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th |
| Motor Current | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal |
| Max Jog Rate | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 |
| Rot Speed | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 |
| Settings | 19:1 Ratio | 27:1 Ratio | 51:1 Ratio | 100:1 KRA & EMO-XT |
100:1 KR2, TAM | |
PLASTIC Reservoir Heads
| Settings | SDS, HSD, and RSD Heads (with or without COD) (Various Tube Diameters, Standard Gear Ratios) |
DSD-50 (1:1) | Special (with or without COD) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1cc ET | 5cc | 10cc | 30cc | 60cc | 150cc | DSD-50 | HSD-10-Ardes | SDS-30XT | SDS-60XT | |
| Material | ||||||||||
| Type | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom | Custom |
| Color | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) |
| Nozzle | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 4.00 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.600 | 1.6000 |
| Layer | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 |
| Temp Info | ||||||||||
| Print Temp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 0 |
| Power Factor | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Minimum | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0; 75 for HSD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 130 | 0 | 0 |
| Overrides | ||||||||||
| Pulses | 5.8 / 610 / 610 | 0.75 / 81 / 81 | 0.58 / 62.5 / 62.5 | 0.225 / 30 / 30 | 0.15 / 20 / 20 | ? / 22 / 22 | 0.135 / 20 / 20 | ? / 900 / 900 | ? / 86 / 86 | ? / 25 / 25 |
| Multiplier | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1 / 2 / 2 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Prime | ||||||||||
| Steps | 7500 | 1500 | 3000 | 2250 | 1500 | 1500 | 1 | 9000 | 1125 | 1500 |
| Rate | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 |
| Dwell Time (ms) | 800 | 150 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 900 | 300 | 300 |
| Before Tool Change | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a |
| Unprime | ||||||||||
| Steps | 7500 | 1500 | 3000 | 2250 | 1500 | 1500 | 1 | 9000 | 1125 | 1500 |
| Rate | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 |
| Dwell Time | 800 / -800 / -800 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 1 / -1 / -1 | 900 / -900 / -900 | 300 / -300 / -300 | 300 / -300 / -300 |
| After Tool Change | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a | 2 / n/a / n/a |
| Offsets | ||||||||||
| Clone Head | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off | Off |
| X | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Y | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Z | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Head Info | ||||||||||
| Model | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) | (varies) |
| PCB Type | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J | n/a / n/a / 4988/160J |
| RTD Type | None | None | None | None; varies for HSD, RSD |
None | None | None | 1k_PLAT_RTD | None | None |
| Motor Current | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a | High / High / n/a |
| Step Mode | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a | 16th / 16th / n/a |
| Plot Settings | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) | (any) |
| Motor Settings | ||||||||||
| Step Mode | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th | n/a / n/a / 16th |
| Motor Current | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal | n/a / n/a / Normal |
| Max Jog Rate | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 | n/a / n/a / 10,000 |
| Rot Speed | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 | n/a / n/a / 10500 |
| Settings | 1cc ET | 5cc | 10cc | 30cc | 60cc | 150cc | DSD-50 | HSD-10-Ardes | SDS-30XT | SDS-60XT |
| SDS, HSD, and RSD Heads (with or without COD) (Various Tube Diameters, Standard Gear Ratios) |
DSD-50 (1:1) | Special (with or without COD) | ||||||||