Reservoir Heads

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Cold Flow is our term for fluid or emulsified (non-filament-based) materials which are deposited at room temperature, with or without UV Crosslinking.

Warm Flow is our term for fluid or emulsified (non-filament-based) materials which are deposited at elevated temperatures, with or without UV Crosslinking.

Materials for Cold and Warm Flow

Cold and Warm Flow heads are for printing as follows:

  • With pastes, gels, emulsifiables or waxes.
  • At room or elevated temperatures.
  • With or without UV Crosslining.
  • With Hyrel Nozzles (1.5mm, 2mm) or Luer Tips.

The following materials can be printed from Cold Flow heads. Note that more viscous materials may not be suitable for plastic syringes or smaller luer tips.

The following materials can be printed from Warm Flow heads. Note that more viscous materials may not be suitable for plastic syringes or smaller luer tips, or may print more easily at higher temperatures.

Heads for Cold and Warm Flow

Cold Flow is available through the following heads:

Warm Flow is available through the following heads:

EMO-Type Head Comparison
Temperature > Ambient Up to 75°C Up to 100°C Up to 150°C
No Crosslinking EMO-25
SDS-5, -10, -30, -60
SMH-2
VSD-30 VOL-25 KRA-15
KR2-15
With Crosslinking COD-25
CSD-5, -10, -30, -60
VCS-30 VCD-25 KCD-15
KC2-15

So, what do these goofy designations actually stand for?

EMO: Emulsifiables at Room Temperature - Low to Medium Viscosity
COD: Emulsifiables T Room Temperature with Crosslink On Demand - Low to Medium Viscosity
VOL: Volcano: Heated (up to 100°C) Emulsifiables - Low to Medium Viscosity
VCD: Volcanic Crosslink on Demand - Low to Medium Viscosity
KRA: Krakatoa: Heated (up to 150°C) Emulsifiables - High Viscosity
KCD: Krakatoic Crosslink on Demand - High Viscosity
KR2: Krakatoa v2: a more robust KRA head with a double gasketed plunger hotter, more viscous Emulsifiables - Very High Viscosity
KC2: Krakatoic Crosslink v2; KR2 with Crosslink - Very High Viscosity
SDS: Syringe Dispensing System (uses disposable plastic syringes at room temperature) - Low Viscosity
CSD: Crosslinking Syringe Dispensing System - Low to Medium Viscosity
HSD: Heated (formerly Volcanic) Syringe Dispensing System - Low to Medium Viscosity
CHS: Crosslinking Heated (formerly Volcanic) Syringe Dispensing System - Low to Medium Viscosity
DSD: Dual Syringe Dispenser, dispensing two-part mixtures at a fixed ratio - Low to Medium Viscosity
SMH: Static Mixing Head, blending your ratio of material through a baffled nozzle - Low to Medium Viscosity

As of Nov 2016, the latest firmware is 32V, included with Repetrel 2.828.

Research Papers Citing Hyrel Cold Flow

Settings for Cold and Warm Flow Heads

Some settings for the EMO-Type heads (like temperature, prime/unprime values) will vary, depending on what material you are printing with. Nozzle diameter should accurately reflect what nozzle you have loaded (1.6mm is default) AND what path width you sliced for. Temperature commands will be ignored by heads with no temperature control. Having said that, here are our default shipping settings:

Settings for Cold and Warm Flow Heads with METAL Reservoirs
Settings EMO, VOL, KRA, COD, VCD, KCD Heads and New KR2
(17mm Tubes, Various Gear Ratios)
19:1 Ratio 27:1 Ratio 51:1 Ratio 100:1 Ratio 100:1 KR2
Material
Type Custom Custom Custom Custom Custom
Color (any) (any) (any) (any) (any)
Nozzle 1.600 1.600 1.600 1.600 1.600
Layer 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300
Temp Info
Print Temp 35 35 35 35 35
Power Factor 100 100 100 100 100
Minimum 0 0 0 0 0
Maximum 0/100/200 0/100/200 0/100/200 0/100/200 0/100/200
Overrides
Pulses 1.600 2.300 4.700 9.000 14.75
Feed Rate % 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Prime
Please note that Prime values will vary greatly from those shown, depending on the compressibility of your material.
Steps 600 800 1000 4000 6000
Rate 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
Dwell Time (ms) 100 100 120 400 200
Before Tool Change 1 1 1 1 1
Unprime
Please note that Unprime values will vary greatly from those shown, depending on the compressibility of your material.
Steps 500 650 800 3500 5000
Rate 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
Dwell Time (ms) 100 100 120 400 200
After Tool Change 1 1 1 1 1
Offsets
Clone Head Off Off Off Off Off
X 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
Y 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
Z 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
Head Info
Model (varies) (varies) (varies) (varies) (varies)
RTD Type 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD
Motor Current High High High High High
Step Mode Sixteenth Sixteenth Sixteenth Sixteenth Sixteenth
* Thanks to Yasmine at VT for the precise calculation.
Settings 19:1 Ratio 27:1 Ratio 51:1 Ratio 100:1 Ratio 100:1 KR2
EMO, VOL, KRA, COD, VCD, KCD Heads and New KR2
(17mm Tubes, Various Gear Ratios)
Settings for Cold and Warm Flow Heads with PLASTIC Reservoirs
Settings SDS, CSD, HSD, and CHS Heads
(Various Tube Diameters, Standard Gear Ratios)
DSD-50 (1:1)
5cc 10cc 30cc 60cc DSD-50
Material
Type Custom Custom Custom Custom Custom
Color (any) (any) (any) (any) (any)
Nozzle 1.600 1.600 1.600 1.600 1.600
Layer 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300
Temp Info
Print Temp 0 0 0 0 0
Power Factor 100 100 100 100 100
Minimum 0 0 0 0 0
Maximum 0 0 0 0 0
Overrides
Pulses 0.750 0.580* 0.225 0.150 0.150
Feed Rate % 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Prime
Please note that Prime values will vary greatly from those shown, depending on the compressibility of your material.
Steps 200 200 300 500 500
Rate 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
Dwell Time (ms) 100 100 100 100 1000
Before Tool Change 1 1 1 1 1
Unprime
Please note that Unprime values will vary greatly from those shown, depending on the compressibility of your material.
Steps 160 160 225 400 400
Rate 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
Dwell Time (ms) 100 100 100 100 1000
After Tool Change 1 1 1 1 1
Offsets
Clone Head Off Off Off Off Off
X 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
Y 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
Z 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
Head Info
Model (varies) (varies) (varies) (varies) (varies)
RTD Type 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD 1k PLAT_RTD
Motor Current High High High High High
Step Mode Sixteenth Sixteenth Sixteenth Sixteenth Sixteenth
* Thanks to Yasmine at VT for the precise calculation.
Settings 5cc 10cc 30cc 60cc DSD-50
SDS, CSD, VSD, and CVS Heads
(Various Tube Diameters, Standard Gear Ratios)
DSD-50 (1:1)